Why Does My Dog Smell Like Fish?

If your dog smells like a can of anchovies, you may suspect something fishy with their health — and your suspicions may be right on the nose. While it’s possible your dog may have rolled in something foul, a recurring pungent odor could indicate an underlying medical issue.

“A fishy odor in dogs most commonly comes from their anal glands, two small scent glands near the rectum that can release a strong, fish-like smell when expressed or impacted,” explains Dr. Dei Hootie, Senior Veterinarian at Small Door Veterinary. “Less commonly, urinary tract infections, dental disease, or skin infections can also cause unusual odors.”

Your veterinarian can offer more specialized insight into why your dog smells like fish, as well as which treatments and preventatives can address any underlying health conditions.

What Causes a Fishy Smell in Dogs?

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Anal gland issues are a major contributor to dogs smelling like fish.

“Anal glands produce a unique scent that helps dogs mark territory and communicate with other dogs,” explains Dr. Hootie. “When the ducts that empty these glands become clogged or inflamed, fluid can build up and cause discomfort, infection, or abscesses. This trapped material often gives off a strong, fishy smell.”

Some breeds, such as Cocker Spaniels, Chihuahuas, and Shih Tzu, are more likely to experience anal gland irritation than others. Large and giant dogs are at a lower risk, though these conditions can affect any dog, regardless of size. Diet, weight, and poor muscle tone can also increase the risk of anal gland complications and their trademark tuna smell.

Still, note that a fishy smell isn’t the only odor that may warrant veterinary attention.

Dr. Hootie shares, “A sweet smell may suggest yeast, ear, or skin infections. A foul, decaying odor from the mouth can point to dental disease, and a foul odor from the ears (especially combined with abnormal discharge) can indicate an ear infection. Any persistent or unusual smell warrants a veterinary exam.”

Symptoms That Can Accompany Fishy Odors

If your dog smells like they just dove into a barrel of fish, their new fragrance may be accompanied by other symptoms. The nature of those symptoms will determine whether your dog needs routine anal gland expression or urgent veterinary care.

“If symptoms are mild (occasional scooting, mild odor, no pain), a regular appointment within a few days is usually safe,” explains Dr. Nina Griffin, the Medical Director at VEG ER for Pets in Lynnwood, WA.

Some symptoms warrant immediate medical attention, including:

• Painful, swollen lumps near the anus
• Bleeding or oozing wounds (suggesting ruptured anal glands)
• Fever, lethargy, or loss of appetite
• Excessive scooting to the point of disturbance
• Pain or difficulty sitting
• Incessantly biting the affected area

“These can worsen within 24 to 48 hours, progressing from mild discomfort to severe infection and tissue damage if untreated,” warns Dr. Griffin. “Routine (non-urgent) cases may show only mild scooting or odor without pain or swelling.”

Treatment Options for Dogs Who Smell Like Fish

Dr. Hootie explains that there’s no one-size-fits-all remedy for fishy-smelling dogs. In addition to taking a whiff themselves, your veterinarian will make an informed diagnosis by examining your dog’s glands, inspecting their teeth, and considering their medical history.

“Treatment depends on the cause,” explains Dr. Hootie. “Impacted anal glands may need to be manually expressed by a veterinarian. If an infection or abscess is present, the glands may need to be flushed, and antibiotics and/or anti-inflammatories may be prescribed.”

In serious cases, your dog’s healthcare team may consider more intensive treatment alternatives.

“For chronic cases, dietary adjustments or surgery may be considered,” says Dr. Hootie. “If the smell stems from another source, such as dental or urinary issues, targeted treatment will be needed.”

Preventing Your Dog From Smelling Like Fish

Mark Baer

Cinder, a competitive agility dog, was diagnosed with canine OA at age 5.

The solution to your dog’s fishy odor might be right under your nose — literally! Start by locating the source of the pungent odor. If the smell comes from your dog’s mouth, they might be due for a teeth cleaning or benefit from dental chews that remove plaque and tartar buildup.

On the other hand, if the odor comes from your dog’s coat, they may need baths with medicated shampoo or antibiotics if they have recurring skin infections.

Things change if your dog smells like fish because of anal gland issues. Here, methods to keep odors at bay include:

• Keeping your dog groomed. Trimming the hair around the anus offers many benefits, primarily preventing bacterial growth and dried fecal matter from irritating the anal glands.

• Scheduling regular expression appointments. For some dogs, impacted anal glands are just a part of life, and they may need their anal glands expressed every four to six weeks. Your veterinarian can help you create a schedule based on how often your dog needs their anal glands expressed so that you can plan accordingly.

• Ensuring proper hydration. Drinking ample amounts of water helps regulate the consistency of your dog’s stool, helping prevent stressful defecation. Improving your dog’s hydration may include offering ice cubes, adding moist toppers to their kibble, or installing a water fountain.

Another option is to integrate foods into your dog’s diet that aid with digestion, such as puréed pumpkin, green beans, and brown rice.

“A high-fiber diet can help produce firmer stools, which naturally express the anal glands during bowel movements,” says Dr. Hootie. “Maintaining a healthy weight, addressing allergies, and ensuring regular grooming and hygiene can also reduce risk.”

When to Consult a Veterinarian

If something smells fishy, and it happens to be your dog, your best course of action is to consult a veterinarian. Even mild symptoms like scooting and discomfort can evolve into serious health conditions without medical attention. Moreover, a professional can offer the advice and clarity you need to prevent, manage, or mitigate your dog’s fragrant bouquet.

“A strong or recurring odor isn’t just a nuisance, it’s often a sign that something’s wrong,” says Dr. Hootie. “Regular checkups, balanced nutrition, and paying attention to changes in your dog’s smell or behavior can help catch issues early and keep them healthy and comfortable.”